{"id":1318,"date":"2026-07-24T04:43:24","date_gmt":"2026-07-24T04:43:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/bai-tap-tinh-phan-tram-lop-5-lop-6-co-loi-giai\/"},"modified":"2026-07-25T06:11:08","modified_gmt":"2026-07-25T06:11:08","slug":"bai-tap-tinh-phan-tram-lop-5-lop-6-co-loi-giai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/bai-tap-tinh-phan-tram-lop-5-lop-6-co-loi-giai\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbp 5 l\u1edbp 6 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<strong>TL;DR:<\/strong> B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng <strong>b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/strong> cho h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1edbp 5 v\u00e0 6. N\u1ed9i dung bao g\u1ed3m ba d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: t\u00ecm t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a hai s\u1ed1, t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1, v\u00e0 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khi bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed7i d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda chi ti\u1ebft, b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u1ef1 luy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c.\n\n\n\nCh\u00e0o m\u1eebng c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean m\u1ee5c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i! Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n <strong>to\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbp 5<\/strong> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh <strong>to\u00e1n l\u1edbp 6<\/strong>. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra, ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00f2n c\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 khi mua s\u1eafm, t\u00ednh l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng <strong>b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/strong> t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao, k\u00e8m theo l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/\">Th\u1ef1c H\u00e0nh T\u00ednh Ph\u1ea7n Tr\u0103m \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u1ea1ng 1: T\u00ecm T\u1ef7 S\u1ed1 Ph\u1ea7n Tr\u0103m C\u1ee7a Hai S\u1ed1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5t khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. D\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem s\u1ed1 A chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 B. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 A v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 B, ta l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 A chia cho s\u1ed1 B, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e2n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi 100 v\u00e0 th\u00eam k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m (%) v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft g\u1ecdn l\u00e0: <em>T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 % = (A \/ B) x 100%<\/em>. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n sau n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 25 h\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eef trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 40 h\u1ecdc sinh, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ebd cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eef trong l\u1edbp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau.\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 500 h\u1ecdc sinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 280 h\u1ecdc sinh nam. H\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh nam chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng? \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, ta c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 A l\u00e0 280 (s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh nam) v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 B l\u00e0 500 (t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh). B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p chia: 280 : 500 = 0,56. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo, ta nh\u00e2n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi 100: 0,56 x 100 = 56. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, th\u00eam k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u % v\u00e0o sau k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. V\u1eady, s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh nam chi\u1ebfm 56% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc: 1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 (A) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh (B). 2. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p chia A cho B. 3. Nh\u00e2n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1eeba t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi 100 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft th\u00eam k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u %. Vi\u1ec7c luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u <a href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/cach-tinh-phan-tram-diem-thi-so-cau-dung\/\">c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec3m thi t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u \u0111\u00fang<\/a>, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch sau m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra.\n\n\n\nH\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c. Anh Tu\u1ea5n c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 15.000.000 VN\u0110. M\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, anh d\u00e0nh ra 3.000.000 VN\u0110 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m. H\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a anh Tu\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp? Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, s\u1ed1 A l\u00e0 3.000.000 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 B l\u00e0 15.000.000. Ta t\u00ednh t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m nh\u01b0 sau: (3.000.000 \/ 15.000.000) x 100% = 0,2 x 100% = 20%. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, anh Tu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20% thu nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap anh Tu\u1ea5n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. D\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 45 h\u1ecdc sinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 18 h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi. T\u00ecm t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea3 l\u1edbp. <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0: (18 : 45) x 100% = 0,4 x 100% = 40%.<\/li><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 1200 c\u00e2y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 360 c\u00e2y xo\u00e0i. H\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y xo\u00e0i chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y trong v\u01b0\u1eddn? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0: (360 : 1200) x 100% = 0,3 x 100% = 30%.<\/li><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3:<\/strong> Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thi ch\u1ea1y, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean An \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 8km tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 10km. H\u1ecfi An \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> T\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0: (8 : 10) x 100% = 0,8 x 100% = 80%.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u1ea1ng 2: T\u00ecm Gi\u00e1 Tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea7n Tr\u0103m C\u1ee7a M\u1ed9t S\u1ed1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng <strong>b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/strong> c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi \u0111i mua s\u1eafm c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebfn m\u00e3i. D\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm xem m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec b\u1eb1ng bao nhi\u00eau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u00ecm 25% c\u1ee7a 80 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u00e0: <em>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm = (S\u1ed1 cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc x S\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m) \/ 100<\/em>. Ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb h\u01a1n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n r\u1ed3i nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 cho tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, 25% t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 0,25, v\u1eady 25% c\u1ee7a 80 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 80 x 0,25 = 20. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.\n\n\n\nH\u00e3y \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Ch\u1ecb Lan mu\u1ed1n mua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc v\u00e1y gi\u00e1 800.000 VN\u0110. C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 30% cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. H\u1ecfi ch\u1ecb Lan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua chi\u1ebfc v\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3? \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a 30% c\u1ee7a 800.000 VN\u0110. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: (800.000 x 30) \/ 100 = 24.000.000 \/ 100 = 240.000 VN\u0110. V\u1eady, ch\u1ecb Lan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m 240.000 VN\u0110. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3, ta l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb \u0111i s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m: 800.000 &#8211; 240.000 = 560.000 VN\u0110. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, sau khi gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, ch\u1ecb Lan ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 560.000 VN\u0110 cho chi\u1ebfc v\u00e1y. B\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m hai b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra nhanh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <a href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/\">c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m online<\/a> r\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngay \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n.\n\n\n\nM\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3. C\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 450 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 60% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3. T\u00ednh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3. Ta t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau: (450 x 60) \/ 100 = 27.000 \/ 100 = 270 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng. V\u1eady di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 270 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 200 trang v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 45% s\u1ed1 trang, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau trang? Ta t\u00ednh: (200 x 45) \/ 100 = 90 trang. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1edb s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><em>L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/em> Khi l\u00e0m b\u00e0i to\u00e1n gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i h\u1ecfi &#8220;s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m&#8221; hay &#8220;s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 sau khi gi\u1ea3m&#8221;. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1:<\/strong> L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m l\u00e0 0,5% m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m 5.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. H\u1ecfi sau m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i l\u00e0: (5.000.000 x 0,5) \/ 100 = 25.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p gi\u00e1 2.500.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m, c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 15%. T\u00ednh s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m. <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0: (2.500.000 x 15) \/ 100 = 375.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1500 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 120% k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. H\u1ecfi x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> S\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0: (1500 x 120) \/ 100 = 1800 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u1ea1ng 3: T\u00ecm M\u1ed9t S\u1ed1 Khi Bi\u1ebft Gi\u00e1 Tr\u1ecb Ph\u1ea7n Tr\u0103m C\u1ee7a N\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi D\u1ea1ng 2 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n cho h\u1ecdc sinh. D\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh) v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 100%). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Bi\u1ebft 20% c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 10, h\u1ecfi s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u00e0: <em>S\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm = (Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \/ S\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m) x 100<\/em>. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean, ta s\u1ebd t\u00ednh: (10 \/ 20) x 100 = 0,5 x 100 = 50. V\u1eady s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm l\u00e0 50. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu 20% b\u1eb1ng 10, th\u00ec 1% s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng 10 : 20 = 0,5. V\u1eady 100% s\u1ebd l\u00e0 0,5 x 100 = 50. C\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy &#8220;t\u00ecm 1% tr\u01b0\u1edbc&#8221; n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1edbp 5, l\u1edbp 6. D\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 suy lu\u1eadn logic v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xoay chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t.\n\n\n\nH\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eef c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 420 em, chi\u1ebfm 52,5% s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 bao nhi\u00eau h\u1ecdc sinh? \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ta bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (420 em) v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (52,5%). Ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 100% l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: S\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1eddng = (420 \/ 52,5) x 100. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh: 420 : 52,5 = 8. Sau \u0111\u00f3, 8 x 100 = 800. V\u1eady, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 800 h\u1ecdc sinh. T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh nam c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng: 800 &#8211; 420 = 380 em. D\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2u chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau. Khi g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/\">m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.\n\n\n\nM\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 15%, gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc tivi l\u00e0 8.500.000 VN\u0110. H\u1ecfi gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc tivi l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. N\u1ebfu tivi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m 15%, th\u00ec gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 100% &#8211; 15% = 85% gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c. V\u1eady, ta c\u00f3 85% c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c l\u00e0 8.500.000 VN\u0110. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 quay v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khi bi\u1ebft 85% c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 8.500.000. Ta t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 sau: (8.500.000 \/ 85) x 100 = 100.000 x 100 = 10.000.000 VN\u0110. V\u1eady gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc tivi l\u00e0 10.000.000 VN\u0110. B\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc suy lu\u1eadn trung gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 120kg g\u1ea1o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 7,5% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 g\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng. H\u1ecfi l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau t\u1ea5n g\u1ea1o? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 g\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng l\u00e0: (120 \/ 7,5) x 100 = 1600 kg. \u0110\u1ed5i ra t\u1ea5n: 1600 kg = 1,6 t\u1ea5n.<\/li><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2:<\/strong> N\u0103m nay, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 945 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ea1t 105% k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. H\u1ecfi theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ea7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao nhi\u00eau s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> S\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0: (945 \/ 105) x 100 = 900 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li><li><strong>B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 475 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n, chi\u1ebfm 95% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra. H\u1ecfi c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n? <em>L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:<\/em> T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00e0: (475 \/ 95) x 100 = 500 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. S\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0: 500 &#8211; 475 = 25 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00e0i T\u1eadp N\u00e2ng Cao V\u1ec1 L\u00e3i Su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 T\u0103ng\/Gi\u1ea3m<\/h2>\n\n\n\nKhi \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ba d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc sinh <strong>to\u00e1n l\u1edbp 6<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c <strong>b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/strong> n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00e0i to\u00e1n l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0: <em>Ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i = Ti\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c x L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t x K\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n<\/em>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu g\u1eedi 100 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t 6%\/n\u0103m, th\u00ec sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 (100.000.000 x 6) \/ 100 = 6.000.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n khi h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u1eabn l\u00e3i sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 theo th\u00e1ng, theo qu\u00fd.\n\n\n\nH\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t. C\u00f4 H\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1eedi 50.000.000 VN\u0110 v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m l\u00e0 0,5% m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng. H\u1ecfi sau 6 th\u00e1ng, c\u00f4 H\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i (bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng l\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh l\u00e3i cho th\u00e1ng sau &#8211; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00e3i \u0111\u01a1n)? \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ta t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng: (50.000.000 x 0,5) \/ 100 = 250.000 VN\u0110. V\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00e3i \u0111\u01a1n, ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau. V\u1eady, sau 6 th\u00e1ng, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i c\u00f4 H\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0: 250.000 x 6 = 1.500.000 VN\u0110. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4 H\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 sau 6 th\u00e1ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u1ed1n g\u1ed1c c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i: 50.000.000 + 1.500.000 = 51.500.000 VN\u0110. B\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 D\u1ea1ng 2 (t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m) v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;l\u00e3i \u0111\u01a1n&#8221;.\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0: <em>% Thay \u0111\u1ed5i = ((Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi &#8211; Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0169) \/ Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0169) x 100%<\/em>. D\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 n\u0103m 2022 l\u00e0 12.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 x\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 12.360 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecfi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 x\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m? \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ta t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u0103ng th\u00eam: 12.360 &#8211; 12.000 = 360 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ta t\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u0103ng th\u00eam so v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 g\u1ed1c (n\u0103m 2022): (360 \/ 12.000) x 100% = 0,03 x 100% = 3%. V\u1eady d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 x\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng 3%. D\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/cach-tinh-phan-tram-tang-giam-giua-hai-moc\/\">c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m gi\u1eefa hai m\u1ed1c<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u sau n\u00e0y.\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><em>L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/em> Trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m, lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0169) l\u00e0m m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn l\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i sai r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ed5ng H\u1ee3p C\u00e1c D\u1ea1ng B\u00e0i T\u1eadp v\u00e0 So S\u00e1nh<\/h2>\n\n\n\nSau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua t\u1eebng d\u1ea1ng <strong>b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/strong> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, <strong>to\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbp 5<\/strong> v\u00e0 l\u1edbp 6 xoay quanh ba c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: 1) A l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a B? (D\u1ea1ng 1), 2) X ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a A l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? (D\u1ea1ng 2), v\u00e0 3) N\u1ebfu X ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 B, th\u00ec s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? (D\u1ea1ng 3). S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm. Trong D\u1ea1ng 1, ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm &#8220;t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m&#8221;. Trong D\u1ea1ng 2, ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm &#8220;gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n&#8221;. Trong D\u1ea1ng 3, ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm &#8220;gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3&#8221;. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n ngay t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 50% th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i.\n\n\n\nM\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a trong c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb &#8220;t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?&#8221;, &#8220;chi\u1ebfm bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m?&#8221;, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng 1. N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac &#8220;t\u00ecm &#8230;% c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1&#8230;&#8221;, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng 2. N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac &#8220;bi\u1ebft &#8230;% c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 &#8230;, t\u00ecm s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3&#8221;, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng 3. Vi\u1ec7c luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn, s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau: a) T\u00ecm 30% c\u1ee7a 200. b) T\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebft 30% c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 60. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e2u (a) l\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng 2, ta t\u00ednh 200 x 30 \/ 100 = 60. C\u00e2u (b) l\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng 3, ta t\u00ednh 60 \/ 30 x 100 = 200. Hai b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c hai d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 cho ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i, c\u00e1c em h\u00e3y truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 <a href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/\">t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m online t\u1ea1i 1phantram.com<\/a>.\n\n\n\nB\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd t\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u00f4n t\u1eadp. Vi\u1ec7c ghi nh\u1edb b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i k\u1ef3 thi.\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>D\u1ea1ng B\u00e0i To\u00e1n<\/th><th>C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n<\/th><th>V\u00ed D\u1ee5 Minh H\u1ecda<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>D\u1ea1ng 1:<\/strong> T\u00ecm t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a hai s\u1ed1 A v\u00e0 B.<\/td><td>(A \/ B) x 100%<\/td><td>T\u00ecm t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 % c\u1ee7a 15 v\u00e0 60: (15\/60)x100% = 25%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>D\u1ea1ng 2:<\/strong> T\u00ecm X% c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 A.<\/td><td>(A x X) \/ 100<\/td><td>T\u00ecm 20% c\u1ee7a 300: (300&#215;20)\/100 = 60<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>D\u1ea1ng 3:<\/strong> T\u00ecm s\u1ed1 A khi bi\u1ebft X% c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 B.<\/td><td>(B \/ X) x 100<\/td><td>T\u00ecm s\u1ed1 A bi\u1ebft 40% c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 80: (80\/40)x100 = 200<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh 3 d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nHi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng to\u00e1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang b\u00e0i t\u1eadp trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng &#8220;l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng 20%&#8221;, b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a D\u1ea1ng 1 v\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng 2 (t\u00ednh ra m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3). Khi b\u1ea1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng D\u1ea1ng 2. V\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng D\u1ea1ng 3. To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 <strong>to\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbp 5<\/strong>, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1eb9o v\u00e0 Chi\u1ebfn L\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u00e0m B\u00e0i T\u1eadp T\u00ednh Ph\u1ea7n Tr\u0103m Hi\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t &#8220;cao th\u1ee7&#8221; trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c <strong>b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/strong>, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n trang b\u1ecb cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u00e0i th\u00f4ng minh. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1eb9o h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh nh\u1ea9m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm 50% c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1, ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n chia s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 cho 2. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm 25%, ta chia cho 4. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm 10%, ta ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y sang tr\u00e1i m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 (ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf \u0111i s\u1ed1 0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ra c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 5% s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a 10%, 20% s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i 10%. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh nh\u1ea9m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian trong ph\u00f2ng thi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhanh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng 300.000 VN\u0110 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 20%, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea9m ngay 10% l\u00e0 30.000, v\u1eady 20% l\u00e0 60.000.\n\n\n\nM\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o t\u00ednh to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t &#8220;c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn&#8221; v\u1ec1 con s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i sai ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7t sai d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y hay nh\u00e2n\/chia nh\u1ea7m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ecm 48% c\u1ee7a 250, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 48% g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng 50%. 50% c\u1ee7a 250 l\u00e0 125. V\u1eady, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 125 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. N\u1ebfu sau khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, b\u1ea1n ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 12.5 ho\u1eb7c 1250, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft ngay m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m sai \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00f3i quen n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi an to\u00e0n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i to\u00e1n, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i l\u00e0m.\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc, vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u1edbi b\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sau hai l\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eeb Gi\u00e1 g\u1ed1c -> Gi\u1ea3m l\u1ea7n 1 -> Gi\u00e1 sau gi\u1ea3m 1 -> Gi\u1ea3m l\u1ea7n 2 -> Gi\u00e1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em h\u00ecnh dung r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecf s\u00f3t d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1eadt k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i. H\u00e3y g\u1ea1ch ch\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a quan tr\u1ecdng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i to\u00e1n: \u0111ang h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, hay t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3? \u0110ang h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng\/gi\u1ea3m hay gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng? M\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean, khi c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m, <a href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/\">website 1phantram<\/a> lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em.\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa &#8220;t\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khi bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m&#8221;?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, h\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. &#8220;T\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1&#8221; (D\u1ea1ng 2) th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac &#8220;T\u00ecm X% <strong>c\u1ee7a<\/strong> A&#8221;. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n: (A x X) \/ 100. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, &#8220;T\u00ecm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khi bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3&#8221; (D\u1ea1ng 3) c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac &#8220;Bi\u1ebft X% c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 <strong>l\u00e0<\/strong> B, t\u00ecm s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3&#8221;. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p chia: (B \/ X) x 100. Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb &#8220;c\u1ee7a&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;l\u00e0&#8221;.\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m nhanh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\nC\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u1eb9o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea9m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 10% = chia cho 10; 20% = chia cho 5; 25% = chia cho 4; 50% = chia cho 2; 75% = 3\/4 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. T\u1eeb 10%, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng suy ra 5% (m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a 10%) ho\u1eb7c 30% (g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n 10%). Luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n r\u1ea5t nhanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y.\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1?<\/h3>\n\n\n\nPh\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Trong t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. Trong th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, hay th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ean bao b\u00ec th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Trong khoa h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch. Trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (KPIs). V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n, khi n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p chia trong to\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m?<\/h3>\n\n\n\nB\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n khi b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 (100%) v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (D\u1ea1ng 2: T\u00ecm X% c\u1ee7a A). B\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p chia khi b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb B) v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (X%), v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u (D\u1ea1ng 3: T\u00ecm s\u1ed1 A bi\u1ebft X% c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 B). H\u00e3y nh\u1edb: t\u00ecm ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf th\u00ec d\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n, t\u00ecm t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn th\u00ec d\u00f9ng chia.\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/\">Th\u1ef1c H\u00e0nh T\u00ednh Ph\u1ea7n Tr\u0103m \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>TL;DR: B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m cho h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1edbp 5 v\u00e0&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1355,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_title":"B\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbp 5 l\u1edbp 6 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc","rank_math_description":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn B\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbp 5 l\u1edbp 6 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc: c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh nhanh tr\u00ean 1phantram.com.","rank_math_focus_keyword":"ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m l\u1edbp 5 l\u1edbp 6 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc","footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1318","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cum-bai-tap-tinh-phan-tram-lop-5-lop-6-co-loi-giai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1318","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1318"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1318\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1434,"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1318\/revisions\/1434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1318"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1318"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1phantram.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1318"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}